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The HTML Elements (c - h)

Contents

HTML Elements (a - b)

`<caption> table caption`

An element used within the <table> tags. See the separate section on Tables.

align=top|bottom|left|right|center
Used to specify whether your caption appears left, right or centre justified within the boundaries of the table. Alternatively used to specify the caption to appear at the top or bottom of the table. If, for example, you require the caption to be placed at the bottom to the right then you must use the valign attribute to specify the 'bottom' part and align to specify the 'right' part.
valign=top|bottom
Used to specify whether your caption appears at the top or bottom of the table when the align attribute is used to specify horizontal positioning.

`<center>`

Center justifies text and puts tables, graphics, etc. in the centre of the page.


<center>
This text is in the middle of the line.
</center>

This text is in the middle of the line.

`<cite>`

A logical style for displaying a citation or quote. Usually displayed in italic. See also <blockquote>.


Listen to Radio 1's <cite>Evening Session</cite> for great new music.

Evening Session

`<code>`

A logical style for displaying examples of code. Usually displayed in a fixed-width font. See also <TT> and <PRE>.


The logical style <code>code</code> is used to display examples of programming code.

code

`<col>`

Microsoft Internet Explorer only. Used to specify the text alignment for table columns. Similar to the <colgroup> element. For examples, see the section on tables.

align=center|justify|left|right
This sets the text alignment within the column. The default is center.
span=number
This sets the number of columns that the align attribute acts upon.

`<colgroup>`

Microsoft Internet Explorer only. Used to group table columns together in order to align the text in the same way. Similar to the <col> element. For examples, see the section on tables.

align=center|justify|left|right
This sets the text alignment within the column. The default is center.
valign=baseline|bottom|middle|top
This sets the vertical text alignment within the column.
span=number
This sets the number of columns that the align and valign attributes act upon.

` comment`
`<comment>`

These two tags are effectively the same and enable the author to add comments within the HTML code. These comments will not be displayed by the browser. Note that with the first element, each end tag contains two hyphens. The <comment> tag is only supported by Microsoft Internet Explorer and NSCA Mosaic.


<!-- This is a comment and will not be displayed -->

<comment> This is also a comment and won't be shown either </comment>

`<dd> definition list definition`

Described on a separate page dedicated to lists.

`<dfn> defining instance`

MS Internet Explorer only. A logical style used to distinguish a defining instance in a section of text, ie. to highlight when a specific term is used for the first time. Usually rendered in italic.


Fluid flow regime can be determined by <dfn>Reynold's Number</dfn>.

Reynold's Number

`<dir> directory list`

Described on a separate page dedicated to lists.

`<div> directory list`

This element is part of the HTML 3.2 specification and is used with style sheet attributes to designate sections of text as being of a certain style. Netscape Navigators 1, 2 and 3 implement the DIV element to work as the <p> element.

Check out the brand new comprehensive section on Stylesheets.

`<dl> definition list`

Described on a separate page dedicated to lists.

`<!doctype>`

This element defines which level of HTML your web page conforms to. It should be the first line of code on your webpage and placed before the <html> tag. Your pages will work without this definition although strictly speaking it should be in place on all webpages (you'll notice I have been somewhat slack in this respect!). The following examples show how to define your pages as conforming to HTML 3.2, HTML 2 and HTML 1 respectively. For more information visit the W3 Consortium.


<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC  "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC  "-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//EN">

`<dt> definition list term`

Described on a separate page dedicated to lists.

`<em> emphasis`

A logical style used to give emphasis to a section of text. Usually rendered in italic. See also: <strong>.


Tricky is the <em>most original</em> artist currently on the British music scene.

most original

`<embed>`

Allows you to put objects (such as sound, video, etc.) directly into an HTML page. This element only supported by MS Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator 3 and is currently the focus of the HTML working groups Compound Document draft specification - more information will follow when the tag is better defined and more universally accepted. <embed> is also used to run Netscape plug-ins.

src="URL"
Required to provide the address of the object.
hidden="true"
Hides the embedded object.
loop=n|"true"
Loops or repeats the object n number of times or infinitely, if relevent (such as a sound file).
<embed src="sounds/blakmeat.wav" autostart="true" hidden="true" loop="true">
The above example will play the sound in the background without displaying the control console (thus acting like <bgsound> with MS Internet Explorer). See also Special Procedures.

`<font>`

Used to change the look of the text.

size=value|+-value
Used to change text size. Can be used relatively (see basefont) or absolutely. Valid in the range 1-7.
Make the text <font size=+1>a bit bigger</font>, <font size=-1>a bit smaller</font>, <font size=7>huge</font> or <font size=1>tiny</font>.
Make the text a bit bigger, a bit smaller, huge or tiny.
color=#hexvalue|colourname
Used to change text colour (only in Netscape 2 and MS Internet Explorer). Colours can be described in hexidecimal or by name.
<font color="#00FF00">green</font> <font color="purple">purple</font>
green
purple
face=fontname1,fontname2,...
MS Internet Explorer and Netscape3 only. Used to specify text font from a list of font faces. The list of font faces provides the browser with a choice in order of preference, depending on which fonts are installed on the user's system.
<font face="Arial,Lucida Sans,Gill Sans">This will probably display in Arial.</font> <font face="Courier,System,MS Sans Serif">This will probably display in Courier.</font>
This will probably display in Arial.
This will probably display in Courier.

`<form>`

Click here to learn all about creating forms.

`<frame>`

Click here to learn all about creating frames.

`<h1>`,`<h2>`,`<h3>`,`<h4>`,`<h5>`,`<h6> heading style`

Renders text as a heading, the rendering depending on the level of heading selected. Headings are automatically spaced from the body text.

align=left|right|center
Justifies the heading to the left (default), right or centre.
<h1 align="center">A Centered Level 1 Heading</h1> Some text. <h2>A Level 2 Heading</h2> Some more text.

A Centered Level 1 Heading
Some text.
A Level 2 Heading
Some more text.

`<head>`

The head element contains all the information about the document, such as the <title>, <base> or <meta> information. It does not contain any text which is part of the document, this should be in the body. The <head> would follow the <html> tag and precede the <body> element.
A shell document would therefore follow the following format:


<html>

<head>

<title>Sizzling HTML Jalfrezi: A Shell Document</title>

</head>

<body>

The document in here

</body>

</html>

`<hr> horizontal rule`

This produces a horizontal line across the screen. By default the line will be narrow and span the screen within the current indents, eg. those created by a <blockquote> or list tag.

align=left|right|clear
Justifies the line left, right or centre (default).
size=value
Increases the vertical height (width) of the line, in pixels.
width=value|percent
Sets the horizontal length of the line in pixels or percent. Note: use <size> to set what most people would call the line width!
noshade
Turns off the bevelling effect added to lines by some browsers.
color=#hexvalue|colourname
MS Internet Explorer only. Used to change the line colour. Colours can be described in by an RGB hexidecimal triplet or by name.
<hr align=right size=20 width=400 color="#FF0000" noshade>

`<html>`

Placed at the beginning and end of the document to declare the type of document. A shell document would therefore follow the following format:


<html>

<head>

<title>Sizzling HTML Jalfrezi: A Shell Document</title>

</head>

<body>

The document in here

</body>

</html>

Contents

HTML Elements (i - k)

Sizzling HTML Jalfrezi
©1997 Richard Rutter
`rrutter@woodhill.co.uk`

Maintenance of this page is attempted by Richard Rutter (rrutter@woodhill.co.uk) using the gorgeous HTML Notepad and the wonderful Sizzling HTML Jalfrezi.

The HTML Elements (c - h)

<caption> table caption

<center>

<cite>

<code>

<col>

<colgroup>

comment <comment>

<dd> definition list definition

<dfn> defining instance

<dir> directory list

<div> directory list

<dl> definition list

<!doctype>

<dt> definition list term

<em> emphasis

<embed>

<font>

<form>

<frame>

<h1>,<h2>,<h3>,<h4>,<h5>,<h6> heading style

A Centered Level 1 Heading

A Level 2 Heading

<head>

<hr> horizontal rule

<html>

`<caption> table caption`

`<center>`

`<cite>`

`<code>`

`<col>`

`<colgroup>`

` comment`
`<comment>`

`<dd> definition list definition`

`<dfn> defining instance`

`<dir> directory list`

`<div> directory list`

`<dl> definition list`

`<!doctype>`

`<dt> definition list term`

`<em> emphasis`

`<embed>`

`<font>`

`<form>`

`<frame>`

`<h1>`,`<h2>`,`<h3>`,`<h4>`,`<h5>`,`<h6> heading style`

`<head>`

`<hr> horizontal rule`

`<html>`